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Chapter 8: Software Engineering and Object-Oriented Analysis & Design: MCQ Practice for the NEC License Exam (AItE)

This chapter contributes 10 of the 100 questions in the IT Engineering license exam. Below are its subtopics, what is usually tested, and 12 free sample questions with answers and explanations.

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Subtopics in this chapter

What is usually tested

Software-engineering questions cover process models (agile, V-model, prototyping), functional and non-functional requirements, design concepts such as coupling and cohesion, architectural and control styles, the levels of testing, cost estimation with COCOMO, quality assurance, CMMI and configuration management. The object-oriented part asks about use cases, UML diagrams, conceptual models, GRASP and common design patterns, visibility, and mapping a design to code.

Sample questions with answers

Try each question before opening the answer. These 12 are taken from the 172 questions for this chapter in the practice bank.

1. Which SDLC model emphasizes risk analysis in each iteration? (8.1 Software process and requirements)

  1. Spiral
  2. Waterfall
  3. V-model
  4. Big Bang
Show answer
Answer: A. Spiral
The spiral model includes explicit risk analysis in every cycle.

2. Which statement about software, compared with hardware, is correct? (8.1 Software process and requirements)

  1. Software is engineered, and it does not wear out physically
  2. Software is manufactured in a factory like hardware
  3. Software wears out with use, like mechanical parts
  4. Software needs spare parts for its maintenance
Show answer
Answer: A. Software is engineered, and it does not wear out physically
Software deteriorates only because of the changes made to it, not because of physical wear.

3. A good software design aims for: (8.2 Software design)

  1. High coupling, low cohesion
  2. Low coupling, low cohesion
  3. High coupling, high cohesion
  4. Low coupling, high cohesion
Show answer
Answer: D. Low coupling, high cohesion
Modules should be independent (low coupling) and focused (high cohesion).

4. Software design is the activity that: (8.2 Software design)

  1. Runs the test cases
  2. Collects the requirements from the customer
  3. Transforms the requirements into a blueprint for building the software
  4. Installs the software for the user
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Answer: C. Transforms the requirements into a blueprint for building the software
It covers architectural, interface, component and data design.

5. Which of the following is a black-box testing technique? (8.3 Software testing, cost estimation, quality management, and configuration management)

  1. Statement coverage
  2. Path testing
  3. Equivalence partitioning
  4. Branch coverage
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Answer: C. Equivalence partitioning
Equivalence partitioning uses inputs/outputs without looking at code.

6. Unit testing is the testing of: (8.3 Software testing, cost estimation, quality management, and configuration management)

  1. The system by the customer
  2. The complete integrated system
  3. Individual modules or components in isolation
  4. The hardware only
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Answer: C. Individual modules or components in isolation
It is normally carried out by the developers themselves.

7. Which UML diagram shows object interactions ordered in time? (8.4 Object-oriented fundamentals and analysis)

  1. Class diagram
  2. Use case diagram
  3. Deployment diagram
  4. Sequence diagram
Show answer
Answer: D. Sequence diagram
Sequence diagrams show messages exchanged over time.

8. In object-oriented development, analysis is concerned with: (8.4 Object-oriented fundamentals and analysis)

  1. Investigating the problem and what the system must do
  2. Choosing the programming language
  3. Writing the code of each method
  4. Installing the finished system
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Answer: A. Investigating the problem and what the system must do
Design then works out a conceptual solution, that is, how the requirements will be met.

9. The central task in moving from object-oriented analysis to design is: (8.5 Object-oriented design)

  1. Collecting the requirements again
  2. Assigning responsibilities to software objects and deciding how they collaborate
  3. Drawing the screen layouts only
  4. Choosing the project team
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Answer: B. Assigning responsibilities to software objects and deciding how they collaborate
Interaction diagrams and design class diagrams record these decisions.

10. A real use case differs from an essential use case in that it: (8.5 Object-oriented design)

  1. Is free of any technology details
  2. Leaves out all the steps
  3. Describes the process in terms of its concrete design, such as the user interface
  4. Is written before the requirements are known
Show answer
Answer: C. Describes the process in terms of its concrete design, such as the user interface
An essential use case is abstract and independent of technology and implementation.

11. In an iterative object-oriented development process, the design artifacts are used during implementation as: (8.6 Object-oriented design implementation)

  1. Input for generating the code
  2. Documents that are ignored once coding starts
  3. Substitutes for testing
  4. The final product delivered to the user
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Answer: A. Input for generating the code
Class definitions come from design class diagrams and method bodies from interaction diagrams.

12. In test-first programming, the unit tests are written: (8.6 Object-oriented design implementation)

  1. After the system has been delivered
  2. Before the code that they test
  3. Only by the customer
  4. Only when a defect is reported
Show answer
Answer: B. Before the code that they test
Writing the test first clarifies what the code must do.

Practise this chapter

The full mock tests mix 10 questions from this chapter with 10 from each of the other nine, under the real 2-hour limit. Chapter practice mode lets you work through this chapter alone, untimed, with the explanation shown after every question.

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